The escalating conflict between Israel and Hamas has sent shockwaves around the world, with major implications for global financial markets. This past weekend, Hamas militants launched a deadly attack in Israel, killing over 700 people. Israel has retaliated with airstrikes in Gaza and a blockade, leading to rising casualties on both sides. As the violence continues, here is how the clashes could impact the stock market and oil prices.
Stocks Tumble Over 2%
Major US stock indexes fell sharply on Monday in early trading, with the Dow Jones Industrial Average dropping over 700 points, or 2.1%. The S&P 500 declined 2.2% while the Nasdaq Composite sank 2.5%. The declines came amid a broader sell-off as investors fled to safe haven assets like bonds, but stocks trimmed losses as the day progressed.
By early afternoon, the Dow Jones Industrial Average was down just 0.7% after falling over 700 points earlier. The S&P and Nasdaq posted similar reversals after opening sharply lower.
Energy and defense sector stocks bucked the downward trend, rising on expectations of higher oil prices and military spending. But the prospect of further violence dragged down shares of transportation, tourism, and other cyclical firms that benefit from economic growth. Stock markets in Europe and Asia also posted sizable losses.
Prolonged Instability Adds Downside Risks
While markets often rebound after initial geopolitical shocks, an extended conflict between Israel and Hamas could lead to a deeper, sustained selloff. Investors fear that rising tensions in the Middle East could upend the post-pandemic economic recovery. Supply chains already facing shortages and logistical bottlenecks could worsen if violence escalates. US fiscal spending could also spike higher if military involvement grows.
Surging oil prices feeding into already high inflation may spur the Federal Reserve to tighten policy faster. This risks hampering consumer spending and growth. Elevated uncertainty tends to erode business confidence and curb capital expenditures as well. From an earnings perspective, prolonged fighting dents bottom lines of various multinationals operating in the region. The potential economic fallout from persistent Middle East unrest weighs heavily on investors.
Oil Jumps Over 4%
Brent crude oil surged above $110 per barrel, gaining over 4% on Monday before paring some gains. West Texas Intermediate also vaulted over 4% to above $86 per barrel. The jump in oil prices came amid worries that supplies from the Middle East could be disrupted if violence spreads.
The Middle East accounts for about one-third of global oil output. While Israel is not a major producer, heightened regional tensions tend to lift crude prices. Oil markets fear that unrest could spill over into other parts of the region or lead oil producers to curb supply.
Prolonged Supply Issues
If the Israel-Hamas conflict draws in more countries or persists in disrupting regional stability, crude prices could head even higher. Any supply chain troubles that keep oil from reaching end markets will feed into rising inflation. High energy costs are already squeezing consumers and corporations worldwide.
Organizations like OPEC could decide to take advantage of conflict-driven oil spikes by reducing output further. Constraints on Middle East oil transit and infrastructure damage could also support higher prices. From an economic perspective, pricier crude weighs on growth by driving up business costs and crimping consumer purchasing power. Prolonged oil supply problems due to Middle East unrest would prove corrosive for the global economy.
Hope for Swift Resolution
With oil surging and equities declining, investors hope the clashes between Israel and Hamas wind down rapidly. Markets are likely to remain choppy and risks skewed to the downside in the interim. But a quick de-escalation and return to stability could spark a relief rally.
Energy and defense sectors may give back some gains while cyclical segments would likely rebound. Still, the massive human toll and damage already incurred will weigh on regional economic potential for years to come. The attacks also shattered a delicate effort to broker ties between Israel and Saudi Arabia. Hopes for a durable resolution between Israelis and Palestinians have once again been dashed. The economic impacts already felt across global markets are only a glimpse of the long-term consequences of deepening conflict.
